周围神经及骨代谢与组织工程骨的构建

Effects of peripheral nerve system on bone tissue engineering

创伤、感染、肿瘤等疾患常常造成骨组织缺损,引起功能障碍。其临床治疗可采用自体骨移植、同种异体骨移植、异种骨移植等方法,但这些方法由于供源有限、免疫排斥、感染等原因,故均有其局限性。骨组织工程研究的最终目的是将骨组织工程技术及产品应用于临床,修复患者骨缺损。植物神经纤维随支配骨的脊神经和骨滋养动脉进入骨组织,通过分泌包括神经肽在内的多种多肽类生物活性物质影响骨的营养和代谢状态以及血管的发生和长入。我们在总结血管、周围神经系统和各种肽对骨代谢的影响后,为寻求一种生理环境下更接近体内自然状态的组织工程骨愈合方式,提出了组织工程骨的神经化构建观点,对组织工程骨神经化构建的方法、现状、前景与研究思路进行了叙述。

Orthopaedic trauma, infection and tumor often result in bone defects and functional obstruction. A number of methods, which can be used to treat bone defects, are limited in application because of limited supply of grafts, immunological rejection or infection from the implant. Researches on bone tissue engineering involve many realms, such as seeding cell, biomaterial, tissue engineered bone construction, bioactive factor, physical and chemical means, bionics principle and gene technique. After summarizing the effects of vascular system and peripheral nerve system on the bone metabolism, Dr. Pei put forward a new viewpoint on nerve construction for the tissue-engineered bone and strategies for further research on the issue. He also suggested possible ways of nerve construction. The idea of vascular and nerve construction for tissue engineered bone will exert a tremendous impact on repair of bone defects.