老年无症状性脑梗死患者危险因素及影像学特征的临床研究

Study of the Risk Factors and Image Characteristics on Elderly Patients with Non-Symptomatic Brain Infarction

目的探讨住院老年患者无症状性脑梗死(SBI)的发生率、危险因素、影像学特征及临床意义。方法神经内科非脑卒中表现老年住院患者276例,均行头颅CT检查,从年龄、危险因素、影像学特征等方面进行分析。结果SBI的发生率为31.16%,有随年龄增长而上升的趋势。头颅CT显示病灶直径平均在0.4-1.5cm之间面积,94.19%为腔隙性脑梗死,81.40%分布于基底节区、内囊、放射冠区等。SBI患者伴发高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症、缺血性心脏病明显高于非SBI者(P<0.01)。结论高龄、高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症、缺血性心脏病均为SBI的危险因素。影像学所见病变多在基底节区、内囊、放射冠区的腔隙性梗死。

Objective To explore the incidence, risk factors, image characteristics and clinical significance of non-symptomatic brain infarction (SBI). Methods 276 elderly patients in the neuro-medical ward without cerebral stroke symptom were examined by CT scan.The age, risk factors, and image characteristics were analyzed. Results The incidence of SBI in the elderly patients without cerebral stroke symptom in the neuro-medical ward is 31.16%, which increases along with aging. CT scan revealed that the average diameter of infarction area is 0.4-1.5 cm. 94.19% are lacunar infarction,81.40% are located at pars basilaris, internal capsule, and corona radiata. Patients with SBI are more likely to accompany with hypertension, diabetics, hyperlipidemia and ischemic heart disease than those without SBI(P<0.01). Conclusions Advanced age,hypertension,diabetics,hyperlipidemia and ischemic heart disease are risk factors of SBI. CT image study showed that most of the infarction areas are located at pars basilaris, internal capsule, and corona radiata.