院前急救的特点与护理

The Characteristics of Pre-Hospital Care and the Countermeasure of Nursing Care

目的研究院前急救的特点,探讨相应的护理对策。方法回顾性分析2000年1月-2004年12月9616例“120”出诊患者的临床特点及院前急救状况。结果院前急救的特点为:“120”呼救出诊逐年增多,外伤以车祸为主,内科以心脑血管及呼吸系统疾病占多数,院前猝死主要是心源性猝死。“120”急救半径5km以内出诊频率最高,抢救效果较好。结论快速高效的急救护理措施是院前急救的重要保证。必须强化急救护理人员的急救意识、法律意识,严格掌握急救护理原则,熟练运用各种急救护理技能,尤其是心脏电击除颤术,各类创伤的紧急救治和安全转运,同时要重视患者的心理护理和护患沟通。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of pre-hospital care and the corresponding strategy of nursing care. Method To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 9616 patients who received emergency treatment in ' 120' EMSS and the states of pre-hospital care from Jan 2000 to Dec 2004. Results The pre-hospital care had several characteristics.'120' emergency calls increased year by year. Road accidents were the main cause in trauma cases. Most of internal medicine cases were cardiocerebrovascular disease and respiratory system's disease. Most of pre-hospital sudden death was caused by cardiac arrest. The frequency of out-call was the highest and the effect of first aid was the best within 5km of the '120' aid rescuing radius. Conclusions The quick and high-performance emergency care is very important to pre-hospital care. The first aid and law consciousness of emergency nursing staff must be strengthened. We must abide by the principle of emergency nursing strictly, apply all kinds of emergency care skills proficiently, especially defibrillation, emergency aid and treatment and safe transport for various kinds of trauma patients. Mental nursing and communication between nurses and patients are equally important.