海南肉豆蔻等4种南药重金属含量研究

Analysis of Heavy Metal Contents of Four Local Southern Herbs in Hainan Island

目的:利用石墨炉原子吸收法和原子荧光法调查海南产肉豆蔻等4种南药中5种重金属元素含量,对其规范化种植进行指导。方法:采用标准曲线法,用石墨炉原子吸收法测定该4种南药中铜、铅及镉元素的含量,用原子荧光法测定其中砷、汞元素的含量。结果:对于海南万宁两产区该4种南药,肉豆蔻铜、铅、镉、砷及汞的含量现状水平值分别为6.390,0.730,0.073,4.190μg/g及0.250,10.900,1.600,0.130,0.050μg/g及0.011μg/g;丁香相应元素的含量分别为4.050,1.010,0.029,0.260μg/g及0.017,3.400,1.190,0.046,0.067μg/g及0.012μg/g;高良姜相应元素的含量分别为188.300,7.600,0.200,0.800μg/g及0.022,180.400,6.100,0.210,0.760μg/g及0.021μg/g;金线莲相应元素的含量分别为19.900,11.000,0.850,2.110μg/g及0.131,19.600,10.900,0.840,2.100μg/g及0.128μg/g。结论:据国家商务部2001年颁发的《药用植物及制剂进出口绿色行业标准》药材重金属限量标准,对于采自海南万宁两产区该4种南药,其镉、汞含量符合绿色行业标准,同时肉豆蔻、丁香及金线莲的铜含量符合绿色行业标准,肉豆蔻、丁香及高良姜的砷含量也符合绿色行业标准;但是,相应该两产区海南高良姜的铜、铅含量超标,海南金线莲的铅、砷含量超标;同时发现,海南不同产区同种药材重金属元素含量差异不大。

Objective:To analysis five kinds of heavy metal (Cu,Pb,Cd,As,and Hg) contents of four local southern herbs in Hainan island (Myristica fragrans Houtt., Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.. Alpinia officinarum Hance., Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl.Methods:The contents of Cu,Pb and Cd were detected by Graphic Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The contents of As and Hg were detected by Atomic Fluormetry.Results:Of four local southern herbs in two lands of Wanning in Hainan,the contents of Cu,Pb,Cd,As and Hg of Myristica fragrans Houtt were 6.39,0.73,0.073,4.19 and 0.25 μg/g,10.9,1.60,0.13,0.05 and 0.011 μg/g;they were 4.05,1.01,0.029,0.26 on 0.017 μg/g,(3.40),1.19,(0.046),0.067 on 0.012 μg/g in Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.;and 188.3,7.6,0.20,0.80 on 0.022 μg/g,(180.4),6.1,0.21,0.76 on 0.021 μg/g in Alpinia officinarum Hance.;and 19.9,11.0,0.85,2.11 on 0.131 μg/g,19.6,(10.9),0.84,2.10 on 0.128 μg/g in Anoectochilus roxburghii(wall.) Lindl., respectively.Conclusion:Of four local southern herbs in two lands of Wanning in Hainan,the contents of Cd,Hg of the four local southern herbs of Hainan meets the green trade standard; The contents of Cu of Myristica fragrans Houtt.,Eugenia cartioghyllata Thunb.and Anoectochilus roxburghii(Wall.) Lindl. also meets the green trade standard; The contents of As of Myristica fragrans Houtt., Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. and Alpinia officinarum Hance.meets the green trade standard too; but the contents of Cu and Pb of Alpinia officinarum Hance., the contents of Pb and As of Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. exceed the green trade standard.The heavy metal contents of the same herb varies litlle in different regions of Hainan island.