摘要
对于采用泡沫衬垫的产品缓冲包装，本文考虑产品和外包装箱为多自由度线弹性结构，泡沫衬垫为非线性粘弹塑性材料，在规定的流通环境条件──跌落高度、和规定的产品易损度条件──所能承受的峰值加速度之下，对衬垫进行了优化设计。对一种国产黑白电视机进行缓冲包装优化设计的应用研究表明，采用优化设计的衬垫包装电视机，不仅衬垫厚度可降低１７％以上，而且对电视机的包装保护也更为安全可靠。
In this paper, the method of the dynamic analyses of product-packaging structure and the mechod of the optimal design of shockproof packaging of products are presented and applied to practice.The product and the packaging box are considered as the linear elastic structure with multidegree of freedom, and cushions as nonlinear viscoelastic and plastic materials in the prodnct -packaging structure. The thickness and loaded area of cushions are taken as designvariables in the optimal design. The dynamic calculation of serial drop -type shock tests of the product-packaging structure can be carried in the optimal design. A kind of knowledgebased hybrid optimal mathod is used for the optimal design. The program is worked out and put into effect in microcomputer.The study on the actual application of the optimal design of a a shockproof packaging of TV sets indicates that the efficiency of packaging and the reliability of packaging preservation are increased by using the optical design of shockproof packaging.
