论发展中国家企业对外直接投资的比较优势

On the Relative Advantages of Developing Countries in FDI

发展中国家对外直接投资的大量出现是近年来跨国投资领域的一个显著的特点,另一个显著的特点是,在发展中国家中从事对外直接投资的公司甚至往往不是那些在它们本土市场上最具有竞争优势的公司。这就对垄断优势理论提出了挑战,因为“垄断优势论”是指进入东道国的外国企业,应该具有在“生产经营、专利技术、营销手段、售后服务”等多方面的垄断优势。对这种新现象进行理论上的阐述,将对21世纪中国企业对外直接投资有一定的启示作用。

An increase of FDI in developing countries has been a new characteristic in transnational investment field. Besides, companies engaged in FDI in these countries are often not the most competitive ones in their respective native countries. This is a challenge to the theory of monopolized advantage. For the theory suggests that companies that can engage themselves with FDI are of monopolized advantages in fields of production, patent technologies, sale strategies and after-sale services in their respective host countries. Hence, a theoretical study of this new phenomenon will be implicational for FDI in China in the 21st century.