生物质快速裂解油的催化裂解精制

Study on Catalytic Cracking of Bio-Oil Pyrolyzed from Biomass

在固定床反应器内采用不同催化剂进行了生物质快速裂解油的催化裂解。在温度340～420℃,质量空速2.9～5.6h^(-1)的条件下考察了催化剂、温度、重量空速诸因素对精制各产物产率的影响。结果表明,在重量空速3.7h^(-1),温度380℃时,获得了较高的精制生物油产率,44.68%;用 HZSM-5(50)催化剂得到了较高的有机相产率;而用高岭土催化剂时结焦量较低。催化剂再生实验表明,结焦是催化裂解中致使催化剂失活和使用寿命降低的主要原因。产物分析表明,精制油中的含氧化合物如有机酸、酯、醇、酮、醛的含量大大降低,而不含氧的芳香族碳氢化合物和多环芳香碳氢化合物含量增加了。

Upgrading operation of bio-oil pyrolyzed from biomass was carried out via catalytic cracking in a tubular fixed-bed reactor with catalyst for preparation of motor fuel. Effects of process parameters such as temperature, weight space velocity (WHSV) and catalyst type on yield were investigated under the conditions of atmospheric pressure, the temperature 340-420°C and WHSV 2.9-5.6 h-1. The results showed that 44.68% of organic distillate was yielded at temperature 380°C and WHSV 3.7 h-1. More organic distillate was obtained when HZSM-5(50) used as catalyst, while less coke when Gaolin used as catalyst. It was found that coking is the main cause of deactivation and short life of catalysts through the experiment of regeneration of deactivation catalyst. In addition, the amount of oxygenated compounds in the bio-oil, such as organic acid, aldehyde, ester, alcohol, ketone were greatly reduced meanwhile aromatic hydrocarbons and polyaromatic hydrocarbons were formed.