有序金属间化合物研究的新进展

Recent Advances in Order Intermetallics

简要介绍了金属间化合物研究和开发的新进展。以铝化物和硅化物为基的有序金属间化合物具有优异的抗高温氧化和热腐蚀的性能，作为高温下工作的结构材料是很有吸引力的。然而在许多情况下，脆性断裂和低的断裂抗力限制它们作为有实用价值的工程材料。最近已经作了很大努力，系统地研究了有序金属间化合物合金的脆性断裂行为，并已弄清了脆性断裂的内在和外在的一些控制因素。第一原理计算和原子结构模拟的新近研究结果进一步帮助我们更好地了解金属间化合物的原子结合键性质、位错组态和合金元素的作用。对基本问题的更好了解导致镍、铁和钛的铝化物金属间化合物合金的力学和冶金性能的改进，更接近于结构方面应用的要求。还介绍了工业界对韧性金属间化合物合金有很大兴趣和一些工业上应用的实例。

This paper briefly summarizes recent advances in intermetallic research and development.ordered intermetallics based on alumides and silicides posses attractive properties in hostile environments;however,brittle fracture and poor fracture resistance limit their use as engineering materials in many cases. In recent years,considerable efforts have been devoted to the study of the brittle fracture behavior of intermetallic alloys;as a result,both intrinsic and extrinsic factors governing brittle fracture have been identified. Recent advances in first principles calculations and atomistic simulatiotions further help us in understanding atomic bonding,dislocation configuration,and alloying effects in intermetallics.The basic understanding has led to the development of nickel,iron,and titanium aluminide alloys with improved mechanical and metallurgical properties for structural use. Industrial interest in ductile intermetallic alloys is high,and several examples of industrial involvement are mentioned.