柔嫩艾美尔球虫厦门株(Eimeria tenella)生物学研究

Study on the Biology of Eimeria tenella,Xiamen Strain

采用单卵囊分离方法从厦门地区饲养的鸡盲肠中获得艾美尔球虫．经显微观察、测量和感染实验．从寄生部位、卵囊形态、孢子化时间和潜伏期等指标测定．实验结果：采用琼脂板方法分离和挑选单卵囊方法进行感染效果理想。单卵囊感染小鸡成功率为60％．该球虫寄生在鸡盲肠部位．其余部位未发现．卵囊形态长卵圆形．长25．80(23．5～28．5)．宽20．86(18．5～23．5)．长／宽：1．23(1．21～1．27)．27℃条件下孢子化时间为20h．．潜伏期为146h．与国内一些株进行比较存在差别．确定该艾美尔球虫为柔嫩艾美尔球虫(Eimeria tenella)，并定名为柔嫩艾美尔球虫厦门株．

An Eimeria was separated from caecum of chicken using a new single-oocyst isolation technique in Xiamen.This technique is convenient,and its successful rate is about 60%.The oocyst of Eimeria broadly ovoid,23.5~28.5×18.5~23.5 μm,average 25.8×20.8,the length-to-width ratio ranged 1.21～1.27,with average 1.23,and the wall of oocyst is smoothly,with 2-layered wall,about 2.1~2.7,average 2.5,the outer layer is about 2/3 of total thickness,with light color,the inner layer is thinner than outer layer,with deep color.The sporocysts ellipsoids,11.5～13.5×7.5～9.5,average 12.5×8.0,their length-to-width ratio was 1.42～(1.60),with average 1.56,and cone-shaped stieda body located at the point top,the sporozoites are banana-shaped,9.5～10.5×3.0～4.0,average 10×3.5,they lied widthwise head to tail in the sporocysts and a refractile globules at each end,and sporocyst and oocyst residual bodys are no found,the spolulation time is 20 h,incubation period is about 146 h.The result proved this Eimeria belonged to Eimeria tenella,and comparative to other Eimeria tenella,this strain of Eimeria tenella differs from the other strains,named it Eimeria tenella Xiamen strain.