隐性不定式逻辑主语探究

On Implied Logical Subjects of Infinitives

在“S.+be+adj.+todo”句型中,隐含的不定式逻辑主语的指称语义值可以是泛或特指,这与语境、时态有关,也与句子主语呈特指性或泛指性有关。现有的观点认为:不定式逻辑主语隐含时就可以视之具有泛指意义。本文在对此观点作出批评分析后认为:只有在句子主语呈泛指性时,隐含的不定式逻辑主语才具有泛指意义;若句子主语呈特指性,则这个隐含的逻辑主语语义值分两种情况:一.具有泛指意义;二.具有特指意义。

In the drill pattern 'S.+be+adj.+to do', the implied logical subject of the infinitive has either the generic reference or the specific reference, depending on the language circumstances, tenses and the subjects. The paper holds that if the subject of the sentence is generic, the implied logical subject of the infinitive only has the generic reference; if specific, there exist two possibilities: 1. the generic reference. 2. the specific reference.