《宋史》论赞评析

Analysis of Lunzan in History of Song

“论赞”是中国古代的一种史论形式。《宋史》论赞是元史臣对宋代历史的一种考察,一种“盖棺论定”,而这种考察和盖棺论定是以统治者获得资政启示和进行教化为主要目的,其着眼点集中在一代成败兴亡的教训、总结典章制度的得失和褒贬历史人物的善恶上。《宋史》论赞以儒家思想,特别是理学思想的价值取向为圭臬,但运用司马迁以“通古今之变”的研究方法把握宋代历史兴衰治乱规律,和继承中国历史编纂的“直书实录”的优良传统,是《宋史》论赞的突出特点。

Lunzan , which is the remark being attached to historical biography, is one kind of Chinese ancient historical comment. Lunzan in History of Song is the review of history of the Song Dynasty by historiographers of the Yuan Dynasty and the final judgement as well. The purpose of review, whose respect concentrates on the lessons of success and failure of a dynasty , summarizing gain and loss of institutions , appraising and disparaging the good and evil of historical figures, is to gain enlightenment and education for the rulers. The Confucian thought, especially the value of idealist philosophy is the criterion of Lunzan in History of Song. Meanwhile, the historiographers grasp the pattern of rise and decline of the Song Dynasty history applying Si Maqian's researching method of communicating the changes in all ages, they also inherited the good tradition of recording history truly and frankly.