肩胛骨肋骨及背阔肌肌皮瓣复合组织移植修复胫骨长段缺损一例

OSTEOMYOCUTANEOUS LATISSIMUS DORSI SCAPULAR COMBINED FLAP WITH VASCULARIZED RIB TO REPAIR THE LARGE DEFECT OF TIBIA

目的设计以肩胛下血管为蒂的游离肩胛骨外侧缘、肋骨及背阔肌肌皮瓣复合组织移植修复胫骨长段缺损1例,评价其疗效。方法患者,男,39岁。因外伤致胫骨开放性骨折,在外院行清创植皮和外固定支架固定术后5个月,左胫骨中段骨缺损长达12cm,伴胫骨中上段内侧贴骨瘢痕12cm×6cm。设计并切取肩胛下动脉-胸背动脉为蒂的背阔肌肌皮瓣14cm×5cm、胸背动脉肩胛骨支为蒂的肩胛骨外侧缘骨瓣12.5cm、胸背动脉前锯肌支为蒂的前锯肌-第6肋肋骨瓣13cm。将肩胛下动脉和胫后动脉近端吻合,旋肩胛动脉和胫后动脉远端吻合,肩胛下静脉和小隐静脉吻合;肩胛骨外侧缘骨瓣和肋骨瓣修复胫骨缺损,钢板内固定,背阔肌肌皮瓣覆盖原瘢痕创面。结果复合瓣成活,切口期愈合。术后6个月胫骨植骨上下端骨愈合,经2年随访,患肢已部分负重,术后供区肩关节功能无影响。结论肩胛骨肋骨及背阔肌肌皮瓣复合组织移植是修复胫骨长段骨缺损的一种可选择的有效方法。

Objective To design a combined flap of subscapular axis including vascularized lateral scapular,rib and latissimus dorsi to repair the large defect of tibia. Methods The patient was a 39-year-old man who got a post-traumatic 12 cm defect of tibia after primary debridement and external fixation because of open fracture 5 months ago. There was a 12 cm×6 cm scar involved the proximal medial segment of tibia. After resection of scar and fibular tissue over the bone defect floor, alatissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap 14 cm×5 cm pedicled with subscapular artery-thoracodorsal artery,a flap 12.5 cm on the outside of the scapular pedicled with thoracodorsal artery, and 6th rib flap (13 cm) by serratus were prepared.The tibialis posterior and saphenous vein were used for astomosis. A proximal anatomic plate was applied to the fixation of tibia. Results The compound flap survived the operation. The follow-up period was 2 years. Bone union occurred 6 months after operation. Conclusion This combined flap is successful and can provide alternative to the resolution of large defect of tibia.