云南马铃薯发展问题探讨

AN APPROACH ON THE POTATO DEVELOPMENT IN YUNNAN PROVINCE OF CHINA

从栽培历史和农业生态环境方面论述了云南马铃薯生产的优越条件和发展潜力。在调研基础上,绘制了云南省马铃薯区划图并提出今后发展马铃薯生产的主要途径有:(1)在海拔1800米以上高地可以发展200万亩春马铃薯套玉米;(2)在海拔1600米以下的滇西、滇南冬春降水条件较好的低热河漕、盆坝及滇中有灌溉条件的冬闲田,可发展冬马铃薯45万亩;(3)发展薯果、薯豆、薯药及马铃薯与绿肥的间套作;(4)建立马铃薯脱毒良种繁育体系。

The geographical situation and agro-ecological environment of Yunnan is superior for potato production and development potential. In comparison with other regions, great potential can be expected in terms of Yunnan's potato yields. According to the production dynamics and recent investigations, a zoning map of potato planting region has been made and the major ways for the development of potato production in Yunnan are suggested. (1) 133,000 ha of spring potato intercropped with maize be developed at altitudes above 1,800 m asl. (2) About 15,000 ha of winter potato be planted in areas below 1,600 m asl, in lowlands of the western and southern Yunnan,where rainfall is sufficient or irrigation available. (3) Potato intercropping with fruit trees, legumes, medicinal plants or green manure crops be developed to a certain extent. (4) A system of virus-free seed potato production be established on the aphid-free, cold mountainous areas over 3,500 m asl.