鲫鱼4群体基因组DNA遗传多样性及亲缘关系的微卫星分析

Microsatellite DNA analysis of genetic diversity and the phylogenetic relationships of four breed varieties of Carassius sp.

采用微卫星技术,用9对微卫星引物对4个鲫鱼群体普通鲫鱼(C.auratusauratus)、红鲫(C.auratusredvar)、白鲫(C.auratuscuvieri)和彭泽鲫(C.auratusauratusvar.Pengze)的遗传多样性及亲缘关系进行研究。结果表明,4种鲫鱼的平均遗传杂合度值在0.607～0.721,其中白鲫0.721、红鲫0.652、彭泽鲫0.629、鲫鱼0.607;平均多态信息含量值在0.530～0.670,其中白鲫0.670、红鲫0.586、彭泽鲫0.549、鲫鱼0.530。由此可见,4个鲫鱼群体的遗传多样性总体水平较高,但白鲫的遗传多样性最高,鲫鱼的遗传多样性最低。在4种鲫鱼群体间,鲫鱼和白鲫群体间的遗传相似性指数最小(0.714),遗传距离值最大(0.286),说明这两种群体亲缘关系较远;白鲫与红鲫群体间遗传相似性指数最大(0.812),遗传距离值最小(0.188),这可推断白鲫与红鲫亲缘关系较近。聚类分析结果表明,白鲫和红鲫亲缘关系较近,而鲫鱼和彭泽鲫亲缘关系较近。研究鲫鱼遗传多样性对鲫鱼种质资源的保护和遗传改良具有重要意义。

The genetic diversity and the phylogenetic relationships of four breed varieties of C.auratus cuvieri,C.auratus red var,C.auratus auratus and C.auratus auratus var. Pengze were studied by using microsaterllite technology and nine pairs of microsatellite DNA primers. The results showed that the average heterozygosity of the four breed varieties of Carassius sp. ranged between 0.607 and 0.720, which was 0.720 for C.auratus cuvieri,0.650 for C.auratus red var., 0.630 for C.auratus auratus var.Pengze, and 0.610 for C.auratus auratu. The average polymorphism information contents ranged from 0.530 to 0.650, with 0.650 for C.auratus cuvieri, 0.590 for C.auratus red var, 0.550 for C.auratus auratus var.Pengze,and 0.530 for C.auratus auratus. Thus, C.auratus cuvieri had the highest genetic diversity,but C.auratus auratus had the lowest among the four Carassius sp. breed varieties. The genetic similarity index between C.auratus auratus and C.auratus cuvieri was the lowest ((0.714)) among the four breed varieties of Carassius sp., and their genetic distance was the highest (0.286), which indicated that the phylogenetic relationship between these two breed varieties was quite far. On the other side,the genetic similarity index between C.auratus cuvieri and C.auratus red var was the highest (0.812), and their genetic distance was the lowest (0.188), which indicated a near phylogenetic relationship between C.auratus cuvieri and C.auratus red var. Cluster's analysis showed that the phylogenetic relationship of C.auratus cuvieri and C.auratus red var was quite near,as well as C.auratus auratus and C.auratus auratus var.Pengze was relatively near. It's very important to study the genetic diversity of Carassius sp. on its quality protection and hereditary bases modification.