基于工程造价及发电成本的核电与火电比较研究

Comparative study between nuclear power and coal power based on project cost and generation cost

为了更为本质地反映核电和火电各自的特点,选取工程造价和发电成本两个指标,以广东省内高效环保火电与核电为例进行详细计算和全面比较,从而客观公正地对核电和火电的发展作出评价。核电的国产化比例达到60%～70%时,可降低造价35%～40%,单位千瓦建成价约为火电的2～3倍。预计20～30年内,核电与火电的发电成本基本一致。发展我国核电要走自主化、国产化之路,也是降低其成本的主要途径。

To better reflect the distinctive characteristics of nuclear power and coal power, the author has chosen the two indicators of project cost and generation cost within Guangdong Province as basis for comprehensive comparison between the highly-efficient and environment-friendly coal power versus nuclear power through detailed calculations such that an objective and fair evaluation is made on the development of nuclear power and coal power. When the localization ratio of nuclear power reaches 60%～70%, the project cost can be reduced by 35%～40% with the cost per kilowatt 2～3 times that of coal power. It is anticipated that within 20～30 years, the generation cost between nuclear power and coal power will be essentially the same. It is incumbent upon us to pursue the path of self-reliance and localization in developing nuclear power in China as the main means to economize on the cost.