批判的哲学与哲学的终结——叔本华的意志与后期维特根斯坦的语言游戏比较

Critical Philosophy and the End of Philosophy:A Comparative Research Between Schopenhauer's Will and Wittgenstain's Language - game

意志与语言游戏分别是叔本华和后期维特根斯坦的哲学的两个核心概念。叔本华通过批判传统的理性主义认识论,建立起一种意志的形而上学,以之取代传统的理性形而上学;后期维特根斯坦则通过语言游戏批判了传统的本质主义语言观,设想出一种基于生活形式的文化,哲学问题将在这种文化中消失。从意志到语言游戏,显示出批判的哲学何以走向哲学的终结。所谓哲学的终结,并非意味着哲学不复存在,而是哲学的性质和方向发生重大改变。

Will and language - game are the key concepts of Schopenhauer and later Wittgensteins Philosophy separately. Schopenhauer criticizes the traditional rationalism epistemology, and establishes will metaphysics which replaces traditional rational metaphysics. Later Wittgenstein criticizes traditional es-sentialism language viewpoint by language - game, and envisages a culture based on form of life, in which philosophical problem will be disappeared. The transform from will to language - game shows why critical philosophy goes to the end of philosophy. So called the end of philosophy doesnt mean philosophy wont exist, but means a great change of philosophical character and orientation.