无偿献血者ALT检测结果及合并其他传染指标情况分析

Analysis of ALT Testing Results and Other Epidemic Inexes of the Free Blood Donors

目的:为了降低输血风险,统计分析深圳市龙岗区无偿献血者中ALT(丙氨酸氨基转移酶)不合格人群的分布特征及合并其他传染指标的情况。方法:采用速率法对献血者标本中的ALT进行筛查,其他传染指标均按国家的规定用ELISA方法进行初复检。结果:2002年至2004年筛查无偿献血者血液标本38534人份,经查ALT不合格有1095人份,不合格率为2.84%。统计显示ALT不合格率呈逐年下降趋势;在性别、年龄和职业分布上差异存在显著性;在合并其他传染指标阳性中,ALT不合格者和合格者在合并检测出梅毒和抗-HCV阳性上差异有显著性。结论:在实验室检测项目的不合格率中,ALT位居首位,因此应加强对献血员献血前饮食、休息等注意事项的宣传,如条件允许,应在献血前进行ALT初筛;鉴于ALT不合格者在合并梅毒和抗-HCV指标阳性上有密切相关性,在现阶段,加强对献血员的ALT检测仍然必要。

Objectives In order to reduce the blood transfusion risk, we analyzed the characteristics of the free blood donors with disqualified ALT(Alanine aminotransfease) indexes and other epidemic indexes in Longgang district of Shenzhen. Methods We sifted the blood samples according to the ALT indexes with speed method. We also made the first and second check on the samples for other epidemic indexes with ELISA method according to the regulation of the country. Results 38 534 blood samples from free donors were sifted in 2002～ 2004.Among them, 1 095 were not qualified for ALT index. The disqualification rate was 2.84%. Statistics show ALT disqualification rates present the downward trend year by year, and the rates also show significant differences in terms of sex, age and occupation. Among other epidemic indexes that are positive, the results of syphilis and anti-HCV testing show significant differences in terms of the qualifiers and disqualifiers in ALT testing.Conclusion ALT ranks first by the disqualification rate among the laboratorial testing items. We should strengthen the publicity of the importance of appropriated diet, good rest and etc. before donating blood. If the condition allowed, an elementary testing should be made for ALT before donating blood. Seeing that there is obvious correlation of positive ALT with positive syphilis and anti-HCV ,at present, it is still essential to strengthen the ALT testing of blood donors.