从同一到多元的历史轨迹——美国多元文化主义管窥

From unification to pluralism——On American Multiculturalism

本文分析了“盎格鲁-撒克逊遵从理论”和“熔炉论”的背景、原因、内容以及多元文化主义的影响。文章认为,美国文化的历史经历了从强势文化到多元文化的转型。多元文化主义的产生,源于二战以后美国族群结构的变化和民权运动,其主要表现为政府体制的多元、宗教的多元和教育改革。

The paper analyses the historical background and contents of the theories of Anglo-Saxon and melting pot and effects of multiculturalism. It is pointed out that American multiculturalism underwent the transition from dominant culture to multi-culture. American multiculturalism originated from the change of the structure of ethnic groups and civil rights movement and it is reflected by pluralism of administration system, religion and education reform. American multiculturalism exerts some influences on American diplomatic policies and their life styles.