转基因水稻抗纹枯病性的杂种优势与配合力

HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY OF RESISTANCE TO SHEATH BLIGHT OF TRANSGENIC RICE WITH EXTRA CHITINASE GENE

用2个雄性不育系和5个转几丁质酶基因抗病品系按NCП设计配制10个杂交组合,研究了转基因杂交水稻的杂种优势和配合力效应。结果表明,转基因水稻各抗性指标的一般配合力达极显著水平,但一般配合力的高低与其抗病性的强弱并不完全相关,而与其组合抗性呈极显著正相关;转基因杂交稻抗纹枯病性的超亲优势强度小,但组合间抗性差异极显著,病级和病情指数的特殊配合力也达极显著水平;转基因杂交稻抗纹枯病性遗传力高,受加性和非加性遗传共同控制,以加性遗传较为重要,源于转基因父本的加性效应明显高于不育系母本的加性效应。转基因水稻E14-1和Pin4具有较好的一般配合力效应,在抗病育种中有较大的利用价值;杂交组合Hai3S/Pin4和GD1/E14-1特殊配合力效应突出,是初步筛选出的优良抗性组合。

Ten cross combinations were made with 2 CMS (cytoplasmic male sterile) lines of rice and 5 transgenic hybrids with extra chitinase gene to study the heterosis and combining ability of the transgenic hybrid lines. The general combining ability of three resistance indices of the transgenic rice hybrids was highly significant, but was not significantly correlated with their sheath blight resistance. It was significantly correlated with the sheath blight resistance of the cross combinations. The heterobeltiosis of the transgenic rice was not great; however, highly significant difference was observed among the cross combinations in their resistance. The specific combining ability of disease rating and disease index was also highly significant among the cross combinations. The heritability of sheath blight resistance of the transgenic rice was high and co-controlled by additive and non-additive effect, with the former being predominant. The transgenic rice genotypes E14-1 and Pin4 with their satisfactory general combining ability were considered to be of great value in disease resistance breeding. Two cross combination were selected as outstanding resistant combination owing to their good specific combining ability.