斯宾诺莎论人的自然权利

Spinoza 's Ideas on Man's Natural Rights

斯宾诺莎把自然权利视为自然力量,以此作为基本观念,论证了人天生是自由的。在自然权利和理性的关系问题上,他认为,自然权利不一定是理性的,人的自然权利更多地是来自非理性的东西。以这一思想为基础,斯宾诺莎论证了在自然权利的问题上人人平等。他还指出,在自然状态下,人的自然权利既得到充分实现,又是完全没有保障的;为了保障自己的自然权利,人们订立契约,组成社会。

Spinoza considered man's natural rights as natural power, and based on this concept, he argued that man is born free, He maintained that natural rights are not necessarily rational, but more from irrational sources. Based on this idea, Spinoza argued that all men are equal in natural rights. He also pointed out that in natural state, man's natural rights are fully fulfilled and at the same time completely insecure; in order to guarantee their own natural rights people made contract and thus formed the society.