乡村产业结构评价——以云南省永胜县为例

EVALUATION ON RURAL INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE——A CASE STUDY IN YONGSHENG COUNTY, YUNNAN PROVINCE

乡村产业结构的合理化对农村经济、农民收入、农业生产决策及国民经济发展都有着重要意义,对这种合理化的评价一直是乡村地理学与农业经济学的重要研究内容。在探讨乡村产业结构内涵的基础上,利用产值结构指标、劳动力构成指标和结构变动度指标建立乡村产业结构的评价指标体系,并以此对云南省永胜县近20年来产业结构演化进行个案评价。结果表明,永胜县乡村产业结构正向合理化方向发展,但还存在自然资源尚未得到合理利用、三次产业不协调与农业内部结构不合理、不协调等主要问题,有待进一步完善、合理化。研究同时指出了永胜县乡村产业结构调整的基本对策,即调整农业发展方向,持续稳定的发展农业;以食品加工业为乡镇企业发展突破口,积极发展第三产业。

The rationalization of rural industrial structure is important in rural economy, peasant income, agricultural decision and national economic development. The evaluation on the rationalization is also an important research area in rural geography and agricultural economics. In this paper, the authors discuss the connotation of rural industrial structure. Then, an index system was created to evaluate the industrial structure in the research area, Yongsheng county, Yunnan province. The results show that the develop- ment of industrial structure in Yongsheng is on the way to the right direction with such problems as unrea- sonable exploitation of natural resources, unharmony industry structure, and unharmony agricultrural in- dustry structure. In the end, two principal countermeasures to regulate rural industrial structure are pro- posed, that is, adjusting the agricultural development direction to maitain sustainable agriculture, and tak- ing food processing industry as the turning point of the developing enterprises in villages and towns to pro- mote the third industry.