河南省优质油菜杂种优势利用研究进展

Research Advance on Heterosis Utilization of High Quality Rapeseed( Brassica napus L)in Henan Province

“九五”以来,河南省油菜科研工作者,根据国际油菜科技发展的两大趋势(优质化与杂种化),将品质育种和杂种优势利用相结合,采用细胞质雄性不育技术,开展优质油菜“三系”杂种优势利用研究,使优质和高产得到较好的统一。育成双低、高产油菜杂交种豫油4号、豫油5号、杂9522、杂97060、杂98033、丰油9号、杂双1号、杂双2号、华油2000等,对河南乃至全国杂交油菜的发展起到了重要的推动作用。同时,加强油菜小孢子培养、种间杂交、分子标记等生物技术基础应用研究,创造出一批优异种质和“三系”材料,为今后选育出更加优良的杂交品种奠定了物质基础。目前,一批优质杂交新组合正在参加国家和河南省油菜区域试验和生产试验。

“Three-line” heterosis utilization with good quality are undertaking by Henan rapeseed researchers using the cytoplasmic male sterile technique, combining quality breeding with heterosis utilization according to the two international tendency (good quality, hybridization)of rapeseed research since “Ninth Five-year Plan”. Double low hybrids Yuyou 4,Yuyou 5, Za 9522, Za 97060, Za 98033,Fengyou 9,Zashuang 1, Zashuang 2 and Huayou 2000 were released with robust heterosis, resistant to cold and virus disease, tolerance to Scleroinia scleroliorum . The studies on isolated microspore culture, distant hybridization and molecular marker assistant selection have been enhanced. A set of good germplasm and new “Three-line” was obtained. Several new hybrids were bred and joined in the official test.