北固山湿地水文情势与湿地植被的关系

Correlation between hydrological situation and vegetation in Mount Beigu wetland

湿地水文情势与湿地植被相互关系与作用机制研究是湿地科学的重要内容,为了加强对湿地的优化管理,改善湿地功能和效益,提高湿地生产量.通过对湿地植被、水文情势的调查,计算不同高程滩面的淹水深度与淹水历时,分析湿地水周期与芦苇分布,研究了镇江内江南岸北固山-大东沟湿地的水文情势与湿地植被分布的关系.结果表明:该湿地水文具有显著的年周期、月周期和日周期特征,不同高程植被带的淹水频率、淹水历时和淹水周期都有明显差异,由此控制着湿地植被分布呈现显著的带状特征.研究发现,76.4%的芦苇群落主要集中在3.38～3.88 m的高程滩面上,淹水历时为180天,淹水频率为49.31%,露干周期为11月～次年4月,其中关键的露干时期为3～4月.根据芦苇植被分布范围与水文情势的关系,提出了湿地水文管理建议.

It is important to study the relevant relationship between the wetland hydrological situation and the wetland vegetation, which has important economical and social effects to the optimal management, and to the improvement of the amount of production of the wetland. The different submerging depth and submerging duration of the wetland are calculated. The relation between hydrological situation and vegetation distribution of wetland of south bank of Mount Beigu-Dadonggou is studied by survey of wetland vegetation and hydrological situation. The result shows that this wetland hydrology has remarkable characteristic of annual period, monthly period and daily period. There exist obvious differences of submerging frequency, submerging duration and submerging period of different vegetation belts, which controls distribution of the wetland vegetation. It is found that 76.4% of reed community mainly concentrates at the elevation of 3.38~3.88 m and its submerging duration and submerging frequency are respectively 180 days and 49.31%. The dew dry period is from November to next April, and the key dew dry period to the vegetation growth is from March to April. According to the relation between the vegetation and hydrological situation, the suggestion of wetland hydrological management is proposed.