贵州省2003年麻疹爆发的流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis on Measles Outbreaks in Guizhou Province in 2003

目的了解贵州省2003年麻疹爆发的原因.方法对每起麻疹爆发进行描述流行病学分析.结果贵州省2003年发生74起麻疹爆发,疫情波及9个地区(州、市)的36个乡(镇),累计报告发病1 756例,死亡17人.麻疹爆发有明显的季节性,主要集中在3～5月;发病年龄以5～13岁为多(占74.5%).麻疹疫苗(MV)常规免疫工作开展差,疫情报告不及时,实验室监测不完善等延误了采取应急预防控制措施,是造成疫情的蔓延主要原因.结论由于MV初免接种率低等原因,导致局部地区出现麻疹爆发,因此控制爆发成为控制麻疹的当务之急.

Objective To prevent and strenghten the control measles prevalence in Guizhou Province in 2003. Methods The characteristics of measles outbreaks was described 74 pieces of measles epidemic accidences happened in 36 counties. Results The reported cases was 1 756, 17 cases died according to the date of the measles surveillance system.The investigation indicated that the measles outbreaks were seasonal and most of the cases occurred from March to May every year.The age range of patients were mainly in 5 to 13 years old (74.5%). Conclusion The main reason of the spreading out of the disease epidemic is delaying case report and ineffective laboratory monitor which caused the adoption of emergent measures.