略论法国经济管理体制的调整

A Tentative Study of Restructuring the Economic Management System in France

法国是西方国家中推行计划化和国有化的典型国家,在加强国家垄断调节机制中,产业政策占有特殊的地位。从一定意义上讲,国家经济目标及其各项调节手段正是通过产业政策来体现的。但是,在70年代以后,法国不得不进行重大的调整。面临国内国际经济、科技等新问题,国家干预主义向更加开放的"自由经济"转轨,期间虽有曲折,但调整与变革巳是不可避免的趋势。具有集权经济传统特点和政治上由社会党执政的法国,在这场调整变革中,将比其它欧美国家更为艰难。总的来看,法国仍然是在追求着在坚持市场经济原则下实现"市场"与"国家干预"的有效结合。

France can be called a model of state centralized power compared withother Western nations as it employed the policy of state planning and na-tionalization.Its industrial policy had a special position in the course of itsstrengthening the national economic management regulation mechanism.Tocope with the new problems emerging in the fields of international economyand science and technology since the 1970s,the country has to have madebig readjustments aimed at turning from state interventionism to a morewidely opened'free economy,'In doing so France is and will be encounter-ing more difficulties than its Western allies because of its tradition of a cen-tralized economy and the Social Party in office.Nevertheless,the restructureor reform has become an inevitable tendency.In general,what France is pur-suing now is still an efficient combination of'market regulation'and'state intervention'on the principle of market economy.