西班牙的现代化道路

Spain's Road to Modernization

自30年代末佛朗哥在西班牙建立法西斯独裁统治以来,西班牙一直处在经济落后、政治保守的状态,发展十分缓慢。但在佛朗哥死后的30年里,西班牙的经济与政治却发生了令人惊奇的显著变化,从一个贫穷的农业国一跃而为先进的发达国家。这个迅速的转变是如何发生的呢?本文从西班牙的政治、经济、社会及其所处的国际环境等诸方面对此作了一些初步的分析。

The past three decades have witnessed a great leap taken by Spain, which ranks the poor agricultural country in the 1960s in the advanced countries. How was the quick transition accomplished? The paper writes about the transition process that Spain, under the influence of the other Western countries as well as the impetus of the West European integration, conducted its economic and political reforms and therefore turned itself into a modernized democratic nation. In the transition process, Spain was ruled by three regimes with two different kinds of political systems, i.e., Franco's Fascist reins, the representative monachy under Suarez and the PSOE power. The paper analyses the whole transition Process according to the sequence of the three governments.