桤木栽培区区划和栽培区适生种源的综合选择

Plantation division and provenance selection of Alnus cremastogyne

以桤木自然分布区内13个种源的生长、材性、果实等性状为研究对象,研究了桤木的地理变异及其趋势,探讨了地理变异的气候生态学基础,对栽培区进行了区划,并对各栽培区进行适生种源的综合选择.研究表明桤木种源生长性状与生态梯度(EGA)的相关显著,在单个生态因子分析中,桤木种源生长量呈以经度和海拔为主的梯度变异.纤维长度与经度和纬度的相关关系不显著,地理趋势并不明显.而木材基本密度与经度的正相关关系显著,呈单向渐变模式.根据试验地点EGA,对桤木新引种区划分为两个生态亚区,即长江中下游丘陵区和赣、浙、闽沿海山地—丘陵区,并对各个栽培区进行了适生种源选择和种源调拨区划.合理的种源调拨,平均树高、胸径和材积的育种增益分别为5.42%、6.74%和18.72%.

The paper concerned data of 13 provenances of Alnus cremastogyne within the natural distribution area,which included the height,diameter of breast height(DBH),volume,wood traits and cone traits.The climate ecology basis of geographic variation of A. cremastogyne provenances was discussed.The plantation regions were divided and suitable provenances of plantation regions were selected.The relationship between growth and latitude,altitude,ecological gradient axis(EGA) was significant negative correlation. The fiber length and dry trunk weight was not related to the longitude and latitude, however, the wood density was clearly positive related to the longitude. It showed that there was a increasing trend in wood density of provenances from the west to the east of the range. According to EGA of test sites,the plantation regions of A. cremastogyne could be divided into 2 zones.Based on the main effective values and stability parameters,this paper suggested the suitable plantation regions for the provenances and fine provenances for plantation regions.The breeding gains in height,DBH,volume were respectively 5.42%,6.74% and 18.72% for suitable provenance transfer.