趋磁细菌的磁小体

Research on Magnetosome of Magnetotactic Bacteria

趋磁细菌是一类对磁场有趋向性反应的细菌,其菌体能吸收外界环境中铁元素并在体内合成包裹有膜的纳米磁性颗粒Fe3O4或Fe3S4晶体即磁小体。综述了趋磁细菌的磁小体生物矿化的条件,以及趋磁细菌的铁离子吸收、磁小体囊泡的形成、铁离子的转运到磁小体囊泡及囊泡中受控的Fe3O4生物矿化的分子生物学和生物化学等方面的研究进展,重点介绍了趋磁细菌磁小体合成机制的研究进展及未来研究磁小体的发展方向。

Magnetotactic bacterium is a kind of bacteria that has the trait of tropism response in magnetic field lines. This ability is based on intracellular magnetic structure, the magnetosomes, which synthesize nano-sized, membrance-bound crystal of the magnetic iron minerals magnetite(Fe3O4) or greigite(Fe3S4) .The research progress in elucidating the molecular biology, biochemical of magnetosomes biomineralization process which include iron uptake in magnetotactic bacteria, magnettosome vesicle formation, iron transport into the magnetosome membrance vesicle and controlled Fe3O4 biomineralization in magnetotactic bacteria, and the conditions that favour magnetosome synthesis are summarized. The mechanism research on synthesis of magnetosome is described especially. The future research perspectives of magnetosomes are proposed.