高中学生考试焦虑与家庭因素的关系分析

An analysis of test anxiety and its family related factors in senior high school students

目的研究高中生考试焦虑的现状及其家庭相关因素。方法应用考试焦虑量表(TAS)、家庭环境量表中文版(FESCV)和父母养育方式评价量表(EMBU)对山东省某中学高一年级538名学生进行调查。结果高中生考试焦虑的检出率为65.20%。有考试焦虑者家庭环境量表的亲密度、情感表达因子分显著低于无考试焦虑者(P<0.05),而其矛盾性、成功性因子分显著高于无考试焦虑者(P<0.05)。有考试焦虑者父母养育方式评价量表的父亲过分干涉、父亲拒绝否认、父亲过度保护、母亲过分干涉过分保护、母亲拒绝否认、母亲惩罚严厉因子分非常显著高于无考试焦虑者(P<0.01),而其母亲情感温暖理解因子分极显著低于无考试焦虑者(P<0.001)。结论高中生考试焦虑检出率较高。高中生考试焦虑与家庭环境和父母养育方式密切相关。

Objective To investigate the general situation of test anxiety and explore its family related factors in senior high school students.Methods Five hundreds and thirty eight senior high school students of grade one were investigated by Test Anxiety Scale (TAS), Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version (FES-CV) and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran (EMBU) in a senior high school in Shandong province. Results The prevalence of test anxiety among all the surveyed students was 65.20%. The cohesion or expressiveness factor score of FES in students with test anxiety was lower than that of students without test anxiety (P<0.05), while the conflict or achievement orientation factor score in the two groups was on the contrary (P<0.05). The parental excessive interference, excessive protection, rejection or renounce factor score or mother excessive punishment factor score of EMBU in students with test anxiety was obviously higher than that of students without test anxiety (P<0.01), while the mother warm affection factor score was on the contrary (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of test anxiety in senior high school students is high. Test anxiety in senior high school students is related to family environment and parental rearing patterns.