鸡早期胚胎精原细胞和睾丸发生发育关系的研究

Relationship between Spermatogonium and Testis Development in the Early Chicken Embryo

采用连续切片技术,研究了15～45期(孵化50h～19d)鸡早期胚胎发育过程中精原细胞与睾丸发生发育的关系。结果显示:孵化第22～28期(第3.5～5天),原始生殖腺内的原始生殖细胞(PGCs)胞质内的糖原颗粒开始分解;第29期(孵化第6天),鸡胚性腺开始分化,PGCs的糖原颗粒进一步分解;第31期(孵化第7天),PGCs内的糖原颗粒完全消失。在雄性,性腺开始显示睾丸特征,PGCs分化为精原细胞;第34期(孵化第8天),睾丸内曲精细管索开始形成,呈实心状,精原细胞位于其中;第35～37期(孵化第9～11天),曲精细管索数量逐渐增加,索内精原细胞体积较大,呈圆形单层排列,且已分化出支持细胞,但数量不多,形态不易分辨,间质内有少量间质细胞;第38～40期(孵化第12～14天),可见到典型的曲精细管,精原细胞数量增加,支持细胞亦增多;曲精细管间的间质细胞成群分布。第40～45期(孵化第16～19天),两侧睾丸大小略有差异,右侧稍大于左侧,精原细胞数量明显增多,呈葡萄串状分布在曲精细管的中央;曲精细管的管腔已经形成,精原细胞已分层排列。

Chicken embryos from stage 15 to stage 45 were studied by means of serial section and light microscopy in order to learn the relationship between the spermatogonium and the testicular development in the early chicken embryo. The results showed that: At the stage 22~28 (3.5~5^(th) hatching day), the glycogen in the PGCs cytoplasm reduced gradually. On the stage 29(6^(th) hatching day), the gonad of the embryo appeared the feature of testis, and the glycogen in the PGCs cytoplasm reduced further. On the stage 31 (7^(th) hatching day), the differentiation of ovary or testis was obvious and the glycogen in the PGCs cytoplasm later disappeared. On the stage 34(8^(th) hatching day), the testicular cord had been begin to differentiating. The every cord had been solid tube with the spermatogonium. On the stage 35~37 (9~11^(th) hatching day), the number of testicular cord had been increased with the ages of embryonic development. The spermatogonium were monlayer located in cord. In this stage, the fewer sustentacular cells had been differentiated, while difficult to distinguish. On the stage 38~40 (12~14^(th) hatching day), the seminiferous had been formed typically, the number of spermatogonium increased as well as sustentacular cells, and the interstitial cells in seminiferous distributed in groups. On the stage 40~45 (16~19^(th) hatching day), the testis on the right was a little bigger than that on the left, the number of spermatogonium increased obviously and showed likely clusters of grape in the middle of seminiferous.