碘酸钾和碘化钾对缺碘性甲状腺肿大鼠补碘效果的定量形态学观察

A quantitatively morphological study on goiter of iodine deficient rats treated by different doses ofpotassium iodate and potassium iodide

目的研究不同剂量的碘酸钾(KIO3)和碘化钾(KI)对缺碘性甲状腺肿(甲肿)大鼠的补碘效果。方法复制缺碘性甲肿大鼠动物模型,以适量碘(1倍,0.26mg/L)、5倍和50倍于适量碘的KIO3和KI6种方式补碘,1个月和3个月后测量大鼠甲状腺滤泡截面积,计算上皮细胞面积和胶质面积分别与视场面积比值。结果①6个补碘组的平均滤泡截面积均明显大于低碘组(LI组),但小于对照组(NI组),6个补碘组之间滤泡面积及其频数分布无明显差别;②6个补碘组滤泡上皮细胞面积与视场面积比,在补碘1个月时差异无统计学意义,但50倍KIO3和KI组上述比值有降低的趋势,3个月时该比值明显低于另外4个补碘组;③胶质面积与视场面积比,除LI组外各组间差异均无统计学意义;④相同补碘水平上,KIO3与KI组对上述各项测定结果的影响作用是一致的。结论不同剂量的KIO3和KI均对纠正缺碘性甲肿有效;相同补碘水平上,KIO3和KI对改善甲肿的效果是一致的;补大剂量的碘会造成甲状腺损伤;适宜剂量的KIO3对于纠正碘缺乏是安全有效的。

Objective To study the effect of KIO3 and KI supplement at different dosages on goiter inducedby iodine deficiency. Methods The animal model of iodine deficient goiter was replicated by low iodine intake,and then the rats with iodine deficient goiter were divided into 6 groups and given different dosages of KIO3 and KIfor 3 months respectively. Low iodine (LI) group and normal iodine (NI) group were served as controls. The thyroidfollicles were analyzed. Results ① The median size of follicle cross sectional area in 6 treated groups was higherthan that of LI group, but still lower than that of NI group. ② No difference was found among 6 treated groups infrequency distribution of follicle areas. ③ The ratio of epithelial area to the field seen under microscope in all treatedgroups was lower than those of other 4 treated groups. ④ There was no difference in ratio of colloid area to the fieldseen under microscope among 6 treated groups. Conclusions Different doses of KIO3 and KI are all effective in thetreatment of iodine deficient goiter. As long as they are at the same content of iodine, KIO3 and KI exert an equalimproving effect on iodine deficient goiter. 50 folds may induce damage on thyroid and retard recovery of goiter.KIO3 in an appropriate dose is safe and effective for correction of iodine deficiency.