非洲国家通货膨胀的原因及其对经济发展的影响

THE CAUSES OF THE INFLATION IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES AND ITS INFLUENCES UPON THEIR ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT

通货膨胀一向是经济学中最引人注目的问题之一。传统经济学将通货膨胀作为须加抑制的对象。第二次世界大战后,随着凯恩斯主义从异端成为经济学的主流,风向随之陡转。“适度的”通货膨胀成了推动经济发展的积极因素。然而自70年代以来,滞胀的出现又使凯恩斯主义黯然失色。从此。

Since the beginning of 1970s, inflation has accelerated in the majority ofAfrican countries. Though to a lesser extent compared with Latin America,their inflation is, more or less, becoming a nuisance for them. The acceleratinginflation in Africa, obviously, results from the huge budgetary deficit and over-supply of paper money. Rapid population growth, serious debt problem, sharpdecline of export earnings combined to force them to the use of inflation.Anyway, apart from all those above direct reasons the African inflation alsoinflnenced by the shortage of their natural resources. Therefore, the supply-side economic theory must be introduced. Statistics show that the countries with high inflation rate are sufferinglower economic growth and living standard than those with low inflation rate.Thus inflation should not be neglected.