南宁市道路空气污染对交通警察呼吸系统的影响

The Effects of Air Pollution on Respiratory Health in Traffic Policemen in Nanning City

目的探讨南宁市道路空气污染对交通警察呼吸系统的健康危害。方法2002年对南宁市主要交通道路空气污染情况进行采样和分析,并选择214名交警人员,其中包括149名外勤交警和65名内勤交警(对照组),通过标准化问卷调查每个人的呼吸系统及其不适症状、职业史。结果2002年南宁市主要道路空气污染严重,TSP、NO2、SO2、CO的平均浓度为0.936、0.083、0.077、4.391mg/m3,分别超标3.129,1.034,0.516,1.098倍。交警人员在经常咳嗽、经常吐痰、感冒时咳嗽、感冒时吐痰、眼睛不适、咽喉不适及过度疲劳的阳性率均明显高于内勤人员,有统计学意义(P<0.05),在各种呼吸道症状中,咽喉不适的阳性率最高(80.5%)。曾执过外勤的内勤交警人员的经常咳嗽、眼睛不适病症的阳性率比从未曾执过外勤的内勤交警人员要高(P<0.01)。结论南宁市道路空气污染使交警人员患呼吸道病症的风险性增大。交警患呼吸道症状的阳性率与外勤时间有关。

Objective To assess the effects of air pollution on health of traffic policemen. Methods Sampling and the analysis of air pollution were conducted according to China national standards. 214 traffic policemen were investigated. Of them 149 were working on the streets and 65 were working in the office (taken as the control). Individual respiratory symptoms occupational histories and medical records were obtained using standardized questionnaire. Results The prevalence rates of cough and expectoration excessive phlegm eyes and throat unwell fatigue in policemen working on the streets were significantly higher than that in policemen working in the office and were correlated to the level of air pollution(P<0.05). Among the studied respiratory symptoms the prevalence rate of cough was the highest. Conclusion The air pollution induced by traffic may increase the risk of suffering respiratory symptoms in traffic policemen.