论劳动密集型制造业的就业效应——兼论“民工荒”

Employment Effects of Labor-intensive Manufactures

本文运用第三次全国工业普查资料分析了出现“民工荒”的劳动密集型制造业的职工年龄结构。分析结果表明:劳动密集型制造业对效率的追求,导致其职工的年轻化。在劳动密集型制造业成为当地主要产业的地区,这种“青年型”的职工年龄结构会导致很大一部分35—55岁的民工找不到工作,从而不得不回乡。劳动密集型制造业的“青年型”用工年龄结构以及民工对此采取的对策,是导致“民工荒”的深层原因。

With data from The Third National Industrial Census,labor's age structure of labor-intensive manufactures in which rural immigrant labor shortage appeared is analyzed. The conclusions are as below. Seek for efficiency makes labor's age structure of labor-intensive manufactures become younger. In areas in which labor-intensive manufactures are local dominant industries,youth-style labor's age structure means a great part of rural immigrant labor with age from 35 to 55 can't find job and have to go back to their rural hometown. Youth-style labor's age structure of labor-intensive manufactures,and reaction of rural immigrant labor for the situation,are underlying causes of rural immigrant labor shortage.