论物权的本质

On the Essence of Real Rights

传统的物权本质理论存在认识上的缺陷,该理论只注意到了物权与债权的本质区别,却没有注意到物权与所有权、他物权的联系与区别。民法上的物如同商品一样也具有价值(交换价值)和使用价值两个因素,而且这两个因素是物权的权利主体获得利益的根本。物权实质上是权利主体在法律规定的范围内,控制特定物质财产的交换价值,或自主地控制特定物质财产的使用价值,或全面、自主地控制特定物质财产的使用价值和交换价值的权利。

There is cognitional limitation in the traditional theories on the essence of real right, not paying attention to the differences between and the relations of the creditor right and real right, but only taking note of the differences between the creditor right and the real right. The substance in civil law has the use value and the exchange value, only, from which man can gain benefit. The real right is the right of controlling the exchange value of given substance, controlling independently the use value of the given substance, or controlling independently and entirely the exchange value and the use value of given substance.