罗马共和国时代公民权扩展的原因

The Reasons for the Extension of Citizenship during the Roman Republic

罗马共和国时代,公民权扩展的原因主要有四个方面的原因。首先,罗马公民权的价值是其扩展的前提;第二,罗马种族组成和宗教构成具有多样性,这使公民权的扩展成为可能;第三,在体制上,罗马共和国实质上是贵族共和国,因此元老院能允许公民权的扩展,而且罗马贵族寡头统治的社会结构,也便利了其他城市获得广泛的公民权;最后,公民权扩展的根本原因在于城邦本身的发展变化。

The reasons for the extension of citizenship are various and complex .They are divided into four kinds in this essay .The first,with the expansion of Rome, the conquered subject would like to receive it .The second,from the beginning the Rome people was not racially one .Racial diversity of its inhabitants and its religions accounted for the non-exclusive attitude in citizenship .The third, it was not popular assembly but the Senate gained complete control of the government ,which entailed a more open citizenship policy .Social structure of aristocracy was convenient for other community to receive citizenship .The last,the basic cause lied in the changes of city state.