快速城市化背景下的城市土地储备策略研究——以深圳市龙岗区为例

Strategy Research for Urban Land Reserve System under Rapid Urbanization-A Case Study on Longgang,Shenzhen

随着我国城市化进程的快速推进,土地储备作为土地资源集约利用和优化配置的重要手段,已在许多城市开展。从主要城市目前土地储备计划制定过程来看,普遍存在资金导向和项目需求问题,使其缺乏与城市发展规划间的协调,易导致区域整体利益下降。因此,科学合理地制定土地储备与供应计划,改资金导向型为功能导向型,改项目需求型为规划引导型,通过土地储备制度实现城市土地资源的资产化、土地资产的资本化,确保国有土地资产保值增值是土地储备计划研究的基本目的。论文以深圳市龙岗区为例,从城市建设用地需求预测入手,利用GIS技术,进行了土地储备潜力分析与评价,并据此确定土地储备数量与时序,就如何合理制定土地储备计划进行了初步研究。

With rapid urbanization,land reserve system has become an important means for ratio-nal land use and land optimized configuration.It has been put into practice in many cities. However,there are two basic problems in the process of putting the system into effect.One of which is capital oriented,i.e.the area and location of land reserve is usually determined and/or disturbed by capital requirement of the municipal government.The other is investment required,i.e.the area and location of land reserve is usually determined and/or distributed by the invest-ment required from the investors.Obviously,the two kinds of problems are prone to bring the gap between long-term urban planning and short-time capital shortage in urban construction.In view of the successful experiences of advanced countries and regions in urban land reserve system,a rational urban land reserve and supply plan is the key to the urban land reserve system.It is propitious for urban land reserve system to the transformation of capital oriented into function oriented and investment required into planning introductory.Using Longgang district,Shenzhen city as a case,urban land reserve plan is studied from three connected steps in the present paper.First of all,the amount of the construction land requirement in the near future is predicted using econometric and urban expansion model.Subsequently,the potential reservable land is evaluated by GIS techniques based on the establishment of the evaluating indices of potential urban land reserve.Finally,the executive short-term land reserving plan and mid-term developing land reserving plan are set down.