腾冲旅游开发对农村发展的影响初探

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF EFFECT OF TENGCHONG TOURIST DEVELOPMENT ON RURAL DEVELOPMENT

用腾冲县1997～2003年的社会经济发展统计资料和旅游景点所在乡、村的农民收入与就业的调查资料,分析了腾冲旅游总收入、游客人次对县域经济、农业产值、农民收入与就业的影响。腾冲旅游开发对腾冲县3次产业结构调整发挥了关键作用,加速了第三产业的发展,分析年份中旅游总收入平均增幅达35.05%,占国内生产总值比重平均达14.6%,占第三产业比重平均达34.42%。但是,农业生产总产值、农民人均年纯收入与旅游总收入、国内游客人次呈负相关。旅游业给景区农民增加了新的收入渠道,但旅游景区内农村人均年收入并不比全县其它地区高。旅游业用地征自于农民耕地,但景区农民收入并未得到与旅游业同步的增幅。旅游开发对“三农”发展的带动力没有得到充分的发挥,应进一步完善旅游可持续发展与“三农”发展的协调。

With socio-economic developmental statistics of Tengchong County, which is famous for its volcanic -geothermal heritages and landscapes, from 1997 to 2003 and investigating information of income and working fields of farmers in the villages within the tourist destinations in Dec., 2003 to Mar., 2004,the effect of tourist income, tourist numbers was analysed on the county economy, agricultural output value and farmers'income and jops in tourist spots with statistical method. Tengchong tourist development played an important role on adjustment of the county three industries?structure and sped up the development of the third industries. For the analysed years, total income of tourist industry increased by annual mean 35.05%,averagely making up of 14.6% of the County's GDP and of 34.42% of its third industry output values. However, total output value of agricultural industry, farmer annual net income were a negative to total income of tourist industry and total number of domestic tourists. Therefore, the tourist development provided local farmers with new working fields, and however capital mean income of villages within the tourist spots was not higher than ones of other villages which were out of tourist development area. Land used for tourist development was levied from farming land of the farmers, but their income and agricultural development were not balanced to the speed of the tourist industry development. So, a role of tourist industry on improvement of the development of 'San Nong', which means farmer, village and agriculture, was not fully played. Strategy of coordinating of sustainable development of tourist industry with the San-Nong's development should be improved.