韩国历代汉韩翻译简述

A Historical Review of Chinese-to-Korean Translation in Korea

韩国的汉韩翻译经历了没有民族文字的口译和吏札翻译时期、民族文字创制后的谚解翻译时期、明清小说翻译和翻案体翻译时期。第一时期出现了奇特的韩-汉-韩“思维”翻译,即自己写出汉文然后用韩语口语进行翻译,以及把汉字构成的汉文翻译成同样由汉字构成的吏读的形式。第二时期用韩文逐字逐句翻译汉文,构成谚解式翻译文体。第三时期的翻译形式有全译、改写和编译,还出现了将别国小说中的人物、地名、人情、风俗、场景等换掉,只利用其故事内容和梗概进行翻译的形式——翻案体翻译。

The Chinese-to-Korean translation in Korea experienced three phases: oral interpretation and 'Ichal' before the creation of Korean characters, 'Eonhae' translation after the creation of the Korean characters, and 'Beonanche' translation and the translation of the Ming and Qing novels. In the first phase appeared the peculiar 'thinking' translation, i.e., writing down one's own thinking in Chinese to be put into spoken Korean, and translating the original Chinese into 'Idu', which also consists of Chinese characters. The form in the second phase was to translate Chinese to Korean word by word, which formed a style of 'Eonhae' .The third phase saw complete translating, rewriting and translating and editing, as well as 'Beonanche' translation, which adopted the story or even only the main idea while replacing the characters, place names, customs and backgrounds.