近现代阿拉伯文论概貌

A General Picture of Modern Arabic Literature and Its Works

从19世纪后期到第一次世界大战期间,阿拉伯的文学和文论在普遍展开的资产阶级改良主义运动中, 得到了长足的发展。埃及、突尼斯、黎巴嫩、叙利亚、伊拉克、伊朗等阿拉伯国家的文学和文论,开始呈现明显的民族主义色彩。尤其是20世纪20年代的阿拉伯文坛,先后兴起的埃及“笛旺派”和由黎巴嫩、叙利亚等在美洲的侨民组成的“旅美派”等文学流派,他们不仅在文学上硕果累累,而且在文论上也对文学的本质和美学等问题提出了具体指导意义的理论阐述。这不仅保证了近现代阿拉伯文学的健康发展,而且对以后的阿拉伯文学的发展也产生了极其深远的影响。

During the late 19th century and the First World War, in the generally-launched bourgeoisie reformism movement, Arabic literature made rapid progress. The literature and its works in such Arabic countries as Egypt, Tunis, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Iran came to show obvious nationalism appeal. Especially in the Arabic literary world in the 1820s, the literature schools such as 'School of Poetry Anthology ' in Egypt and 'Syrian-American School' composed of by the overseas Lebanese and Syrians in America rose one after another. They not only made numerous significant achievements in literature but also put forward-instructive theories on the essence of literature and aesthetics in works, which made an utmost profound and lasting influence on Arabic literature as well as guaranteed the sound development of modern Arabic literature.