云南青铜防腐显微拉曼光谱和EPMA研究

Application of Ranman Microscopy and EPMA to Analyzing the Corrosion and Anti-Corrosion Techniques of Bronze Articles Unearthed in Yunnan

应用显微激光拉曼光谱和EPMA(电子探针技术),对云南的四件青铜器(两件春秋时期的青铜矛和两面元代的青铜镜)的腐蚀情形和防腐技术进行了分析研究。拉曼实验结果表明,云南青铜器表面腐蚀产物的主要成分有Cu2O和CuCO3.Cu(OH)2。利用电子探针技术,确定了青铜器内部和表面的元素成分。本文初步分析了云南四件青铜器防腐技术的应用和发展,春秋战国时期,人们在青铜矛表面涂上一层锡的氧化物涂层以防腐蚀;元代的人则采用合金表面处理技术防腐。事实证明,锡的氧化物涂层的防腐效果最好。对金属文物的研究,显微激光拉曼光谱是一种原位无损检测的有效方法,但还是有某些局限性,若配合以电子探针等测试方法,可以达到更好的效果。

Ranman Microscopy and EPMA were employed to analyze components of the corro- sion of samples of four bronze articles (two bronze lances and two bronze mirrors dating back to the 7thcentury B.C. and the 14thcentury respectively) so as to identify the anticorrosive tech- niques of ancient Yunnan. Results of the Raman experiments show that the major components of te corrosion on the above bronze articles are CuCO3.Cu(OH)2and Cu2O while elements on and within them have also been identified with EPMA. This paper, a study of the application and development of bronze anticorrosive techniques in Yunnan, argues that people of the 7th century B. C. prevented bronze corrosion by applying a coat of substance containing 83% of SnO2while in the 14thcentury they did the same by applying a thin coat of Fe-Al alloy. It is proven that Sn-coat o the surface of the lances is better than Fe-Al alloy on the bronze mir- rors. The experiments also show that in the analysis of metal artifacts Raman microscopy, al-