不同呼吸方式下咀嚼肌的肌电研究

The EMG study of masticatory muscles in different modes of respiration

目的研究在不同呼吸方式下健康成人在姿势位及各种下颌功能运动中,咀嚼肌的肌电活动规律,探讨呼吸方式的改变是否会引起其肌电变化。方法采用美国BioResearch公司生产的BioEMGⅡ八道最新表面肌电仪和Kistler双极表面电极,同步记录30名AngleⅠ类健康成人在鼻呼吸和口呼吸两种呼吸方式下双侧颞肌前束(TA)、颞肌后束(TP)、嚼肌(MM)以及二腹肌前腹(DA)的肌电变化。结果①姿势位:口呼吸状态TA肌电活动低于鼻呼吸,差异有高度显著性(P<0.01);②正中牙合位最大紧咬:口呼吸状态MM、DA肌电活动高于鼻呼吸,差异有高度显著性(P<0.01);③前伸运动:均未见显著性差异(P>0.05);④后退运动:口呼吸状态DA肌电活动高于鼻呼吸,差异有高度显著性(P<0.01),MM高于鼻呼吸,差异有显著性(P<0.05);⑤左右侧方运动:口呼吸状态同侧MM及左右侧DA肌电活动均高于鼻呼吸,差异有高度显著性(P<0.01)。结论口呼吸是引起咀嚼肌肌电变化的因素之一,呼吸方式的改变可导致咀嚼肌出现异常肌电活动,影响咀嚼肌功能的正常发挥。

Objective To quantitatively investigate the electromyographic (EMG) activities of human masticatory muscles at the postural position and during various mandibular movements in normal subjects and to discuss whether changes in the mode of respiration affect the EMG activity of human masticatory muscles.Methods A compute-integrated BioEMG Ⅱ Diagnostic System with Kistler surface electrode was used to synchronously record,in different modes of respiration,the EMG activities of temporalis anterior (TA), temporalis posterior (TP),masseter muscle (MM),and digastric anterior (DA) of 30 healthy adults with normal occlusion.Results ①In the postural position, TA's myo-muscular activity of oral respiration group showed significantly lower than that of the nasal breathing group (P< 0.01). ②In the maximum clench, both MM and DA's activities of the oral respiration group were significantly higher than those of the nasal breathing group (P< 0.01). ③In the protraction movement, there was no significant difference in activities between the oral respiration group and the nasal breathing group (P> 0.05).④In the retraction movement, DA's activity of the oral respiration group showed significantly greater active than that of the nasal breathing group (P<0.01); and MM's activity of the oral respiration group was also greater than that of the nasal breathing group (P< 0.05). ⑤In the right and left movements, the ipsilateral MM and contralateral DA of the oral respiration group were significantly greater than those of the nasal breathing group (P< 0.01).Conclusion Oral respiration is one of the factors related to the EMG activity of human masticatory muscles. Changes in the mode of respiration can cause abnormal EMG activity of human masticatory muscles which may affect masticatory muscles'function.