燃气轮机冷热电联产系统技术与经济性分析

Technology of Gas Turbine Tri-generation (Cooling, Heating and Electric Power) System and Its Economic Analysis

分析了现有商业燃气轮机用于热电联产系统和冷热电联产系统时的性能。与常规分产系统相比,两系统在热力学性能上均有较大优势,绝大多数节能率超过20%。功率较小的燃气轮机单位造价偏高,用于冷热电联产系统时经济性较差;随着功率的增加经济性不断改善,冷热电联产系统的经济性受到很多因素的影响,其中运行时间和电价的影响最明显,其次为燃料价格的影响,热价和冷价的影响相对最小;这些因素在燃气轮机功率较小时影响较大,随功率的增加影响逐渐减小。

An analysis is given of the performance of current commercial gas turbines when used for the cogeneration of process heat and electric power and for the tri-generation of cooling and heating energy and electric power. Compared with conventional single generation systems the above-mentioned two systems both have a relatively great edge in terms of thermodynamic performance with energy saving rate in most cases surpassing 20%. Gas turbines with a relatively small output power involve an excessively high manufacturing cost and result in a relatively poor cost-effectiveness when used for the tri-generation of cooling and heating energy and electric power. With an increase in output power and continual improvement of cost-effectiveness the economic performance of a tri-generation system is subject to the influence of numerous factors, among others, those of operation time and electricity price being the most conspicuous. This is followed by the price of fuel with the price of heating and cooling energy having comparatively the least influence. The above-mentioned factors exercise a comparatively great influence when the output power of a gas turbine is relatively small. The influence decreases with an increase in output power.