惊跳反射弱刺激抑制评价感觉运动门控

Assessment for Sensory Gating Using by Prepulse Inhibition of the Startle Reflex

感觉门控是大脑的一种正常功能,是指大脑对感觉刺激反应的调节能力。近年来,发展了两种对感觉滤过量定量测定较为成熟的模式,即听觉诱发电位P50和惊跳反射弱刺激抑制(PPI)。该文介绍了感觉门控的惊跳反射、PPI及适应性反应的概念;PPI的测试条件、测量指标、认知心理学意义和生物学机制;PPI和P50两种测量感觉门控指标间的关系以及PPI作为感觉门控的生物学指标的稳定性和可信性,并指出PPI今后研究的方向。

Sensory gating is an important property of the normal functioning brain, and is an operational ability of the brain to modulate sensory stimuli. Deficits in sensory gating could result in an overload of irrelevant stimuli and thus would lead to psychotic symptoms. Two paradigms have been developed to quantify the amount of sensory gating the suppression of the P50 auditory evoked potential and the prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex. The article reviewed the PPI research, as including the following contents: the definition of startle reflex, PPI, and habituation; the method of PPI assessment; the cognitive processing and biological mechanism of PPI; correlation of PPI with P50 in humans; and the reliability and stability of PPI as neurobiological markers. The article also point out that further research on PPI issues in the future is required.