国产红曲制品中桔青霉素污染水平研究

Natural occurrence of citrinin in Monascus products

目的了解中国红曲制品中桔青霉素的污染水平。方法用高效液相色谱方法对采自市场或厂家送检的114个红曲产品进行了研究。结果114份样品中,桔青霉素阳性者68份,阳性率59.65%,污染水平范围0.18～1739.23mgkg,平均污染水平211.61mgkg(中位数6.62mgkg)。红曲产品种类不同,桔青霉素污染水平各异,以红曲红色素粉中桔青霉素含量最高,27份样品中有25份(92.59%)检出桔青霉素,污染水平范围0.85～1739.93mgkg,平均508.40mgkg(中位数169.88mgkg)。其次为红曲米粉原料,19份样品中有12份(63.16%)桔青霉素阳性,但83.33%阳性样品中桔青霉素水平在10mgkg以下;功能性红曲中84%样品桔青霉素水平在6mgkg以下。结论国产红曲制品不同程度被桔青霉素污染,所调查样品中有15份(13.16%)色价桔青霉素比值超过日本标准。

Objective\ In order to survey the natural occurrence of citrinin in Monascus products. Methods A total of 114 samples with either solid or liquid phases, collected from markets or delivered by the food production factories were analyzed by HPLC for citrinin. Results The results revealed that 68 ~59.65%) samples were positive for citrinin with the levels between 0.18 and 1739.23mg/kg ~211.61mg/kg for the average and 6.62 mg/kg for the median, respectively). The concentration of cirtrinin in various Monascus products is different. Twenty-five red pigment samples of Monascus were heavily contaminated with citrinin at the level ranged from 0.85-1739.93mg/kg ~average 508.40mg/kg, median 169.88mg/kg). Twelve of 19 red rice samples fermented by Monascus species were not citrinin-free but 83.33% ~10/12) with the citrinin levels below 10mg/kg. The level of citrinin in 84% ~21/25) health meals of Monascus is less than 6mg/kg. Conlusion The domestic Monascus products were contaminated by citrinin and the ratio of color value/citrinin in 15~13.16%) samples exceeds the Japanese national standard.