蛭弧菌的分离及其生长条件和裂解能力的研究

Study of bacteria-lysis abilities and growth conditions of 4 Bdellovibrio

噬菌蛭弧菌具有裂解病原菌、净化水体的功效,从海洋环境中分离到4株Bh04系列蛭弧菌,对其生长条件进行了测定,同时研究了它们对61株菌株的裂解能力。结果表明,在1%～3%的盐度范围内,蛭弧菌均可生长,最适盐度为3%;在15～30℃温度条件下蛭弧菌也可生长,但最适培养温度为20-25℃;只有在使用活的宿主菌的培养条件下,蛭弧菌才能生长。4株蛭弧菌分别可裂解21、24、40、43株菌,各占总试验菌数(61)的34.4%、39.3%、65.6%和70.5%。4株蛭弧菌一起,则可裂解55菌株,占总试验菌株的90.2%。研究结果揭示了蛭弧菌在消除海洋环境中有害细菌方面的潜在应用价值。

Bdellovibrio can lyse pathogenic bacteria and clean up waters. 4 strains of Bdellovibrio sp., designated Bh04-4, Bh04-41a, Bh04-A+ and Bh04-1f, were isolated from seawaters used Bh04 as host bacterium. After confirmation to be Bdellovibrio sp. by electron microscopy and specific PCR method, their growth conditions and lytic ability on 61 bacteria from various sources were performed. Results showed that all four Bdellovibrio grew in salinity in the range of between 1% and 3%, with 3% salinity being the most suitable one. They grew in the range of temperature from 15 to 30℃, with 20～25℃ as their best growth temperature. These four Bdellovibrio only grew on live host bacteria rather than the dead ones. When 61 strains of bacteria were used as hosts, Bh04-4 lysed 21 strains, corresponding to 34.4% of lysis ability (21/61), Bh04-41a lysed 24 strains (39.3% lysis ability), Bh04-A+ lysed 40 strains (65.6% lysis ability) and Bh04-1f 43 strains (70.5% lysis ability). Taken all four Bdellovibrio together, they lysed 55 out of 61 strains, amounting to 90.2% lysis ability. Results fully demonstrate the potential application of Bdellovibrio in lysing pathogenic bacteria from the marine environments.