一种牙轮脱落预警新技术及其工作理论研究

NEW EARLY WARNING TECHNIQUE OF CONE- LOSS AND ITS WORKING THEORY

文章介绍了一种以轴承副的径向磨损量作为轴承工作状态监测参数、以钻头机械钻速和工作扭矩的急剧变化作为预警信号的牙轮脱落预警新技术。新技术利用摩擦自锁原理,将一个预警装置设置在原有牙轮钻头的轴承腔内。当轴承磨损量达到预定的危险界限时,牙轮将被卡死在轴颈上,轴承的磨损过程终止。钻头工作扭矩和机械钻速急剧变化的信号预示钻头轴承寿命的终结,应即时起钻更换钻头。文章阐述了该技术的基本工作原理,建立了钻头轴承副临界磨损量与结构参数之间的解析关系,说明了预警装置的结构设计准则。

A new early warning technique of cone-loss, which takes the radial wear of bearing annex as the monitoring parameter of bearing operation and takes the rapid changes in ROP and working toque of the bit as the early warning signals, is introduced in the paper. According to frictional self-locking. principle, an early warning device was installed in the original bearing housing of roller bit in the new technique. When the bearing wear reaches to the predicted dangerous limit, the cone will be tightly jammed onto the journal, the wearing course being ended up. The signals of the rapid changes in ROP and working toque of the bit indicate that the bearing life of the bit has been terminated and it is necessary to be of tripping the bit in time. In the paper, the basic operating principle of such a technique is stated; the analytical relation between the critical wear of bearing annex of the bit and its structure parameter is set up; and the structural design criteria of the early warning device are expounded.