“批评工程”与“批评之罔”

Critical Project and the Fallacy of Unhistorical Criticisms

针对一般理论对批评自身的历史性缺乏反思的“批评之罔”,新历史主义论证并实践了其“批评工程论”。它盘诘批评语境的合法性并将批评活动自身“事件化”;它考察批评的“划界”本质及其参与“社会能量流通”过程所发挥的社会文化功能;它强调批评活动构造和体验“不同版本历史”的实质并追求文学批评的“横向超越”。这对我们在当代语境中重新进行批评定位具有重要的参考价值。

The author maintains that New Historicism demonstrates and practises the concept of critical project to refute the fallacy of the unhistorical criticisms that are characterised by a lack of self-reflection on the historicity of the criticism itself, cross-examines the validity of critical context and pursues the eventualization of criticism, redefines the essence of literary criticism and stresses its socio-cultural function of drawing and redrawing boundaries in the circulation of social energy, and reveals that literary criticism constructs and experiences another version of histories. The aim of such criticism, therefore, is not vertical, but horizontal, transcendence. These insights are of great value in the reorientation of literary criticism.