冬小麦生长要素特征分析

The growth Features Analysis of Winter Wheat

冬小麦生长虽然处在不同的气候背景下,但表示小麦生长变化的生物学要素基本上保持较为稳定的曲线特征。相对生长率呈先升后降分布型,拔节期以前相对生长率较小,拔节期到孕穗期间达到最大,之后又逐渐减小。净同化率从整个变化情况来看,基本上表现出了拔节到抽穗开花后逐渐升高,开花后逐渐减小的特点。叶面积比率的生物学特征最为明显,冬小麦返青到拔节期间的叶面积比率最大,拔节之后,叶面积比率逐渐下降,在冬小麦乳熟期前后达到最小。冬小麦的灌浆速度变化率则呈较为明显的正态分布,营养物质转移理论“源—流—库”对营养物质的转移给予了充分的科学解释。

Although the winter wheat growth is under the different weather background, there are several factors that represent the character of change in winter wheat growth and keep more stable except the weather condition, such as the relativegrowth rate (RGR) presents the normal distribution, the RGR is lower before the period of Jointing and get its highest rate between the phase of Jointing and Booting, and then decrease gradually. The net assimilate rate (NAR) exhibits the featureof increasing before the anthesis and decreasing after. The most distinctive biological feature is the Leaf Area Ratio(LAR), it is higher in former phase and lower in later, and decline to its smallest around the period of Milky Ripeness. The grain grouting speed of wheat shows a distinctive change feature in graph. The theory of 'source-flow-storage' gives a full explain in the transfer of nutrition materials.