学龄前儿童血铅水平与智力发育相关性研究

RELATIONS BETWEEN CONTENT OF Pb IN BLOOD AND IQ OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

目的:初步了解广州市黄埔区学龄前儿童的血铅水平及其影响因素,初步探讨铅中毒对学龄前儿童智力发育的影响.方法:从黄埔区随机抽取73名4.0～6.5岁的学龄前儿童作为调查对象,采集静脉血样,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定血铅,采用中国-韦氏幼儿智力量表(城市版)测定受试对象的智商,同时设计问卷对家长进行调查,内容涉及家庭情况、住房坏境、父母文化程度及职业、个人饮食习惯等方面多个因素,采用SPSS11.0进行统计分析.结果:血铅浓度为243.49±87.97μg/L:;超标率为82.35%;铅中毒对学龄前儿童智力发育的影响有统计学意义,铅中毒与智力发育呈负相关,二者的相关系数为-0.789,P＜0.001.结论:该区学龄前儿童铅中毒检出率较高,铅中毒对学龄前儿童智力发育有负面影响.

Objective:To know about the blood lead level of preschool children in Huangpu district of Guangzhou and its influential factors,and to understand the effect of lead pollution on intellectual development of children.Methods:The lead in blood of 73 representative children aged 4 years to half past 6 years in Huangpu district were determined,its influential factors which involved family conditions,living circumstances,cultural degree and profession of parents,personal habits were analyzed,together with intellectual quotient test with C-WYCSI.Results:The level of blood lead of preschool children in Huangpu district was 243.4980.78 μg/L.82.35%of the subjects suffered lead poisoning,whose blood lead rank above 100 μg/L(included 100 μg/L).There was negative relativity between blood lead and IQ.Conclusion:The proportion of lead poisoning of preschool children in Huangpu district was significantly high.Lead pollution has nagetive effect intellectual development of preschool children.